The numerous signs of dysfunction we witness in the world around us can be thought of as symptoms that signal a deep malaise at the heart of our modern culture. There are signs that this culture is creaking under high levels of distress expressing itself in numerous problems like rising levels of mental illness, addiction, and violent behaviour, not too mention the poverty, inequality and environmental destruction that we have come to take as normal.

How do we attend to a sick society and an unhealthy culture? What is the most effective way to engage in cultural evolution to create new possibilities for different ways of living and being in the world that are so desperately needed?

A strong case can be made that the most impactful and effective way to intervene is in the early years so that the next generation may be given a firm foundation that can become the basis of lifelong well-being. This means the right kind of environment, the kind of environment in which humans flourish. What does this look like? It has been tested over the course of our mammalian and evolutionary history: Rich relational environments in which the young enjoy constant touch and companionship, extended breast-feeding all supported by a warm, supportive community in a nature-immersed landscape. Attuned, responsive relationships are the emotional vitamins we need throughout the lifespan but particularly in the first 1000 days when the brain is in a ‘sensitive’ or ‘critical’ period of intense growth when so many psychobiological systems are being established that will become natural ‘set-points’ for the rest of life.

The isolation and fragmentation that has become the norm in modern society can only lead to suboptimal and pathological developmental outcomes. Cultural regeneration is necessary and very possible. The most important step lies in creating cultures of community and connection that support the development and maintenance of health.